The recently released "Torture Memos," largely penned by Federal Judge Jay Bybee, should cause us all great shame. Even without regard to the horrors committed under their cloak, the very existence of these memos should be of grave concern to all US attorneys and especially those graduates, as I am, of the J. Reuben Clark Law School where Judge Jay Bybee obtained his degree. Although certainly less horrific, the memos are nonetheless more reminiscent of documents from Hitler’s Germany than from the beneficiaries of the Declaration of Independence, in which it was declared, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness."
These "Torture Memos" detract from one admirable reputation that lawyers have fostered that is typified, in a backhanded way, by Shakespeare’s play "King Henry the VI" in which its fictional character Dick the Butcher, a follower of anarchist Jack Cade, whom Shakespeare depicts as "the head of an army of rabble and a demagogue pandering to the ignorant," proclaimed, "the first thing we do, let’s kill all the lawyers." Shakespeare knew what we often forget, that lawyers first and foremost must and should be the front-wave defenders of democracy. They must stand as soldiers defying any person, entity and government who would destroy our democracy or deprive us, or any human being, of our inalienable rights and liberty. In so doing, we should take pride in the reality that we lawyers thereby often become the targets of tyrants who must marginalize us, as was recently attempted in Pakistan, or who must round us up for extermination, as occurred during the communist revolutions in Russia, China and Cambodia.
It is this view of lawyering that inspired the Declaration of Independence and gave us the Bill of Rights. These "unalienable" rights, among others, include: the right to be secure in our persons and property; the right against unreasonable searches and seizures; the right against self incrimination; the right of due process of law before being deprived of life, liberty, or property; the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury; and the right to an attorney. These rights have been identified and given the force of law to ensure that even in the most trying times, and in those moments of our greatest need – during war, famine, upheaval, or in high-profile criminal proceedings – we will not succumb to our worst natures and thereby perpetuate the very horrors and crimes we seek to eliminate.
The rule of law and the Bill of Rights are not walls that confine us, but windows to a better world for all mankind. It is only through adherence to these same rights that we, as a people, can stand proudly as leaders of all humanity. Contrarily, it is the disregard for those same rights, no matter who asserts claim to them, that drags us down to the level of the enemies of democracy and equality – to the same level as those we deem terrorists and murderers.
Henry Lewis Mencken defined a lawyer as, "One who protects us from robbers by taking away the temptation." Another way to put this is that a lawyer is one who protects us from terrorists and torturers by taking away the temptation, or as one who protects us from the tyranny of authority by adhering to, upholding and enforcing our inalienable civil rights.
Also, in describing the legal profession, John W. Davis observed, "True, we build no bridges. We raise no towers. We construct no engines. We paint no pictures – unless as amateurs for our own principal amusement. There is little of all that we do which the eye of man can see. But we smooth out difficulties; we relieve stress; we correct mistakes; we take up other men’s burdens and by our efforts we make possible the peaceful life of men in a peaceful state." These two quotations express the important roles of lawyers in crafting, employing and executeing the law in a manner that promotes justice, equality and tranquility for all humankind.
As a law student at BYU many years ago, my legal ethics professor agreed with this assessment, and in an attempt to achieve these ends, he admonished myself and other students that we were not hired guns to be mindlessly welded to do one’s bidding without question or pause, nor were we self-righteous moralists who should deprive others we deemed inferior or less worthy of the benefits and protections of the law. No, even when it meant a loss of income or putting potential clients at a disadvantage, we were to be both defenders of the defenseless and downtrodden, and we were to decline our skills, if not our services, to those persons and entities who would employ us to justify the unjustifiable and to engage in the unethical.
But this isn’t what Judge Jay Bybee learned at BYU. Just the opposite. Judge Bybee and the lawyers who justified torture for the Bush administration failed to uphold these traditions. They deserve our disdain and censure. In fear of losing their jobs, or in giddy drunkenness with their own power and intellect, they first became self-righteous moralists who deemed that other human beings had no rights and protections under the law, and they then allowed their souls and senses of propriety to be seduced by the Bush administration, which welded them like lethal weapons against the defenseless.
Hence, instead of "protect[ing] us from robbers, [terrorists and tyrants] by taking away the temptation," and "smoothing out difficulties, relieving stress, correcting mistakes and taking up other men’s burdens and thereby making possible the peaceful life of men in a peaceful state," they sullied and corrupted those agents who carried out the torture, inflicted horrors upon the defenseless, and made us more vulnerable in future conflicts when our sons and daughters will be swept up and tortured in the name of some foreign sovereign’s security. In the mordant words of Ambrose Bierce, their only skill was, "in circumvention of the law."
So although President Bush and his administration did not first kill all the lawyers so it could run amuck among humanity, it systematically eliminated lawyers and others who voiced any dissent, and replaced them with lawyers who were morally dead, and were therefore willing to dehumanize those they wished to rob of basic rights and to justify the unjustifiable. Therefore, while the Obama administration may not prosecute them, they should be censured, impeached and stripped of their licenses to torture the law in order to circumvent it.
Loren M. Lambert
April 22, 2009 ©
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